@article {85, title = {Active and Reactive Power Control for Wind Turbine Based on a MIMO 2-Sliding Mode Algorithm With Variable Gains}, journal = {Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {28}, year = {2013}, month = {Sept}, pages = {682-689}, abstract = {

This study proposes a power control strategy for a grid-connected variable-speed wind turbine, based on a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) with slip power recovery. The control objectives vary with the zones of operation (dependant on the wind speed), aiming to maximize the active power in the partial load zone and to limit it when operating within the full load zone, while regulating the stator reactive power following grid requirements. The control design, based on the second-order sliding modes (SOSM) and Lyapunov, uses a modified version of the super-twisting algorithm with variable gains which can be applied to nonlinear multiple inputs-multiple outputs (MIMO) systems. The well-known robustness of the sliding techniques, the simplicity of the algorithm, and the adaptive characteristic of its gains are used together in this study to obtain a controller able to deal robustly with the exacting challenges presented by these systems. An additional benefit of the proposal lies in the smoothness of the control action, an important issue regarding applied mechanical efforts. Representative results obtained by simulation of the controlled system are shown and discussed.

}, keywords = {asynchronous generators, control design, DFIG, doubly-fed induction generator, energy conversion, full load zone, Gain, Lyapunov method, Mathematical model, MIMO, MIMO 2-sliding mode algorithm, MIMO communication, nonlinear multiple inputs-multiple outputs system, partial load zone, Power control, power generation control, power grid-connected variable-speed wind turbine, power grids, reactive power control, Rotors, second-order sliding modes, second-order sliding modes (SM), slip power recovery, SOSM, stator reactive power control strategy, Stators, super-twisting algorithm, variable gains, variable structure systems, Wind power generation, Wind speed, wind turbines}, issn = {0885-8969}, doi = {10.1109/TEC.2013.2272244}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=\&arnumber=6582571}, author = {Evangelista, Carolina A. and Valenciaga, Fernando and Puleston, Pablo F.} } @conference {212, title = {Low-cost sliding-mode power controller of a stand-alone photovoltaic module}, booktitle = {2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology}, year = {2010}, month = {March}, abstract = {This work presents a simple and low-cost power electronic system that allows a flexible control of the operating conditions of the photovoltaic module. The system consists of a buck converter with sliding mode control. Control algorithms for maximum power tracking, module voltage and load current regulation are proposed. Moreover, these algorithms can be readily combined to have a complete control of the energy conversion system. The dynamic analysis reveals that there may be regions of instability that are avoided by appropriate switching logics. Operation and main features of the proposed electronic power controller are validated through simulation and experimental results.}, keywords = {Buck converters, Control systems, Current control, electric current control, energy conversion, load current regulation, Logic, maximum power point trackers, maximum power tracking, module voltage control, photovoltaic cells, Photovoltaic systems, Power control, power controller, Power electronics, Sliding mode control, Solar power generation, stand-alone photovoltaic module, variable structure systems, voltage control}, doi = {10.1109/ICIT.2010.5472600}, author = {Inthamoussou, Fernando A. and De Battista, Hern{\'a}n and Cendoya, Marcelo} } @article {29, title = {Second order sliding power control for a variable speed-constant frequency energy conversion system}, journal = {Energy Conversion and Management}, volume = {51}, year = {2010}, pages = {3000 - 3008}, abstract = {

This paper presents a decoupled active and reactive power control for a variable speed-constant frequency generation system based on a brushless doubly fed reluctance machine. The control design is approached using multi-input second order sliding techniques which are specially appropriate to deal with nonlinear system models in presence of external disturbances and model inaccuracies. The controller synthesized through this theoretical framework presents very good robustness features, a finite reaching time and a chattering-free behavior. The performance of the closed loop system is assessed through representative computer simulations.

}, keywords = {Power control}, issn = {0196-8904}, doi = {10.1016/j.enconman.2010.06.047}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890410002591}, author = {Valenciaga, Fernando} } @article {99, title = {High-Order Sliding Control for a Wind Energy Conversion System Based on a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator}, journal = {Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {23}, year = {2008}, month = {Sept}, pages = {860-867}, abstract = {

This paper presents the output power control of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). It is assumed that the considered wind module integrates a stand-alone hybrid generation system, jointly with a battery bank, a variable ac load, and other generation subsystems. The operation strategy of the hybrid system determines two possible operation modes for the WECS, depending on the power requirements of the load and the wind availability. The paper deals with the design of a combined high-order sliding mode (HOSM) controller for the power control of the WECS on both operational modes. The main features of the obtained controller are its chattering-free behavior, its finite-time reaching phase, its simplicity, and its robustness with respect to external disturbances and unmodeled dynamics. The performance of the closed-loop system is assessed through representative computer simulations.

}, keywords = {chattering-free behavior, closed loop systems, closed-loop system, external disturbances, finite-time reaching phase, High-order sliding mode (HOSM), high-order sliding mode controller, nonlinear systems, permanent magnet generators, permanent magnet synchronous generator, PMSG, Power control, power generation control, stand-alone hybrid generation system, synchronous generators, variable structure systems, WECS, Wind energy, wind energy conversion system, wind power plants}, issn = {0885-8969}, doi = {10.1109/TEC.2008.922013}, author = {Valenciaga, Fernando and Puleston, Pablo F.} } @article {63, title = {Dynamical variable structure controller for power regulation of wind energy conversion systems}, journal = {Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {19}, year = {2004}, month = {Dec}, pages = {756-763}, abstract = {

The paper addresses the problem of output power regulation of fixed-pitch variable-speed wind energy conversion systems. Operation is constrained by practical reasons to the low-speed side of the turbine power-speed curve. Unfortunately, this region is characterized by a nonminimum phase dynamics which is an obstacle to perform the regulation task. A dynamical variable structure controller is developed that accomplishes the control objective despite this limitation. The proposed control strategy presents attractive features such as robustness to parametric uncertainties of the turbine and generator as well as to electric grid disturbances.

}, keywords = {65, Aerodynamics, Control systems, dynamical variable structure controller, electric grid disturbance, Electric variables control, Induction generators, Mesh generation, nonminimum phase dynamic, parametric uncertainty, Power control, Power generation, power generation control, power regulation, power supply quality, power system dynamic stability, power system interconnection, speed curve, turbine power, variable structure systems, Wind energy, wind energy conversion system, Wind energy generation, wind power, Wind speed, wind turbines}, issn = {0885-8969}, doi = {10.1109/TEC.2004.827705}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=1359955}, author = {De Battista, Hern{\'a}n and Mantz, Ricardo J.} } @article {108, title = {Power control of a solar/wind generation system without wind measurement: a passivity/sliding mode approach}, journal = {Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {18}, year = {2003}, month = {Dec}, pages = {501-507}, abstract = {

This paper deals with the control of the output power of a solar/wind stand-alone system. The control system regulates the generation of the wind subsystem in order to satisfy, jointly with the photovoltaic generation subsystem, the load and battery charge power demand. The controller is designed using a theoretical framework that unifies passivity and sliding mode techniques. The resultant control law does not need wind measurement and only relies on rotational speed and current measurements. An analysis of the acceleration estimate error is carried out and a countermeasure to compensate its effects is proposed. Finally, the performance of the controller is assessed through computer simulation, using a comprehensive nonlinear model of the plant.

}, keywords = {acceleration estimate error, angular velocity measurement, Battery charge measurement, Computer Simulation, control law, Control systems, controller design, Current measurement, current measurements, effects compensation, electric current measurement, hybrid power systems, nonlinear model, output power control, passivity/sliding mode approach, photovoltaic generation subsystem, photovoltaic power systems, Power control, power demand, Power generation, power generation control, Power measurement, rotational speed measurements, Sliding mode control, sliding mode techniques, Solar power generation, solar/wind generation system, stand-alone system, variable structure systems, Wind energy generation, wind generation subsystem control, Wind power generation, wind turbines}, issn = {0885-8969}, doi = {10.1109/TEC.2003.816602}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=1247775}, author = {Valenciaga, Fernando and Puleston, Pablo F. and Battaiotto, Pedro E.} } @article {70, title = {Performance analysis of a variable structure controller for power regulation of WECS operating in the stall region}, journal = {International Journal of Energy Research}, volume = {25}, year = {2001}, pages = {1345{\textendash}1357}, abstract = {

This paper deals with power regulation in variable speed wind energy conversion systems. The importance of power control in the stall region is stressed. This mode of operation is characterized by a non-minimum phase behaviour. A variable structure controller is described that provides stability by means of speed feedback and is robust to grid disturbances and model uncertainties. Performance of the controller is investigated. A compromise arises in the design of the speed feedback gain between high and low frequency wind components rejection. Furthermore, a cut-off frequency of the wind velocity measurement is obtained that minimizes the effect of turbulence on power regulation. Simulation results are presented, corroborating the features of the control strategy.

}, keywords = {energy conversion, Power control, variable structure systems, Wind energy}, issn = {1099-114X}, doi = {10.1002/er.758}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.758}, author = {De Battista, Hern{\'a}n and Mantz, Ricardo J. and Christiansen, Carlos F.} } @article {72, title = {Dynamical sliding mode power control of wind driven induction generators}, journal = {Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {15}, year = {2000}, month = {Dec}, pages = {451-457}, abstract = {

This paper concerns power regulation of variable-speed wind energy conversion systems. These systems have two regions of operation, depending on the tip speed ratio of the wind turbines. They are distinguished by a minimum phase behavior in one of these regions and a nonminimum phase one in the other. A sliding mode control strategy is proposed that assures stability in both regions of operation and imposes the ideally designed feedback control solution in spite of model uncertainties. Moreover, power regulation by the proposed sliding control in the minimum phase region is completely robust to wind disturbances and parameter uncertainties

}, keywords = {asynchronous generators, Control systems, dynamical sliding mode power control, feedback, ideally designed feedback control solution, Induction generators, machine control, minimum phase behavior, minimum phase region, model uncertainties, nonminimum phase region, parameter uncertainties, Power control, Power generation, power regulation, Power system modeling, Robustness, Sliding mode control, stability, tip speed ratio, variable speed gear, variable structure systems, variable-speed wind energy conversion systems, wind disturbances, wind driven induction generators, Wind energy, Wind energy generation, Wind power generation, wind turbines}, issn = {0885-8969}, doi = {10.1109/60.900507}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=900507}, author = {De Battista, Hern{\'a}n and Mantz, Ricardo J. and Christiansen, Carlos F.} }